Louis screamed with pain. His parents, two sisters and brother ran to help him. They put a cloth over his eye.
There was no hospital in Coupvray. The closest doctor was very far away. They took Louis to a woman in the village who used herbal medicines to treat injuries and sicknesses. She dipped a cloth bandage in a wet herbal solution and placed it on Louis' eye.
But his injured eye became infected and the infection spread to his other eye. Within a short time, Louis lost sight in both eyes and was permanently blind. At that time, most people who were blind were helpless. They had to depend on others. Only the wealthy or those of a high position had any hope of getting an education or earning a decent living.
Many ended up becoming beggars. The story so far: At age 3, Louis Braille became blind after playing with a tool in his father's harness shop. Braille carved a small wooden cane for Louis to help the boy feel things that were ahead of him when he walked.
When Louis was 6, a new priest came to town. The priest gave Louis lessons for a year, but Louis wanted to go to the village school with the other children. So a classmate agreed to pick him up each morning and lead him to school. Louis listened to the teacher and memorized what he heard. Even though he couldn't read or write, he was the best student in the class. He studied there for three years. At times Louis was frustrated because he could not read or write. The priest and the principal thought Louis would do better in a school for blind students.
It was in Paris, 25 miles away. Louis' parents were reluctant to let him go away from home. He was only 10 and the school was very expensive. The priest persuaded his parents to apply. The school accepted Louis and even paid for him to go to class and live there. The school was in a rundown old building. It was damp and dark, and the students were given very little food. After his classes, Louis learned to play the cello and the piano.
He couldn't read music, but he memorized the notes. Louis was looking forward to learning to read. Unfortunately, there were very few books available for blind students. They were printed on heavy, waxed paper. The letters were formed by pressing the paper onto pieces of lead that were shaped like the letters of the alphabet.
This process was called embossing. The books were very heavy. One sentence could take up a whole page. Louis learned to run his fingers over the pages so that he could feel each letter. It took a long time to read this way. By the time he got to the end of a sentence, he would forget the words at the beginning. The story so far: Louis Braille studied at a school for blind students where the few books made for the blind were heavy and hard to read. He had invented a way for soldiers to send messages to each other at night without needing light or having to talk.
If they had to use light or make noise, the enemy could spot the soldiers and shoot at them. With a pointed tool, the captain punched dots and dashes into heavy paper. The dots and dashes represented different sounds. These marks were combined to form words and could be read without light or sound. But the soldiers found it too difficult to use. The history of braille goes all the way back to the early s. As a military veteran, Barbier saw several soldiers killed because they used lamps after dark to read combat messages.
As a result of the light shining from the lamps, enemy combatants knew where the French soldiers were and inevitably led to the loss of many men. Each dot or combination of dots within the cell represented a letter or a phonetic sound. The problem with the military code was that the human fingertip could not feel all the dots with one touch. Louis Braille was born in the village of Coupvray, France on January 4, One year earlier he was enrolled at the National Institute of the Blind in Paris.
He spent the better part of the next nine years developing and refining the system of raised dots that has come to be known by his name, Braille. This crucial improvement meant that a fingertip could encompass the entire cell unit with one impression and move rapidly from one cell to the next.
Over time, braille gradually came to be accepted throughout the world as the fundamental form of written communication for blind individuals. Today it remains basically as he invented it. French philosopher Auguste Comte greatly advanced the field of social science, giving it the name "sociology" and influenced many 19th-century social intellectuals.
He revoked the Edict of Nantes and is known for his aggressive foreign policy. French writer Simone de Beauvoir laid the foundation for the modern feminist movement. Also an existentialist philosopher, she had a long-term relationship with Jean-Paul Sartre. Jacques Cousteau was a French undersea explorer, researcher, photographer and documentary host who invented diving and scuba devices, including the Aqua-Lung.
Louis Vuitton was a French entrepreneur and designer whose name has become iconic in the fashion world. He was married to Marie Antoinette and was executed for treason by guillotine in Louis Braille invented a system of raised dots that enables blind people to read and write.
His system is the globally accepted code for those with visual impairments. Olivia Rodrigo —. Megan Thee Stallion —. Bowen Yang —.
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